environment 10 June 2026 Daily Monitor (Uganda)
Kampala Loses Over Half Its Wetlands in 30 Years
Kampala has experienced a dramatic shrinkage of its wetlands, losing over 56% of their original area between 1994 and 2024. Environmental experts warn this decline poses significant threats to the city's ability to manage flooding and maintain water quality. Source: https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-kampala-lost-56-of-its-wetlands-in-3-decades-5492164
A recent report reveals that Kampala’s vital wetland ecosystems have diminished by more than half in just three decades. In 1994, wetlands covered 3,201 hectares, but by 2024, this figure had plummeted to 1,388 hectares, marking a critical 56% reduction.
Environmentalists and urban planners are sounding the alarm, stating that this significant loss jeopardizes Kampala’s resilience against flooding, its capacity for natural water purification, and its rich biodiversity. The findings are detailed in the 2025 Kampala City Wetlands Situation Report.
According to environmental consultants, the primary drivers behind this wetland degradation are increased human activities. These include widespread encroachment for settlements, expanding industrial developments, and agricultural practices. Compounding these pressures are lax enforcement of environmental protection laws and a lack of adequate urban planning in rapidly growing areas.
Dr. Ivan Bamweyana, a consultant involved in the report, highlighted the scale of the loss, noting that approximately 2,000 hectares have been converted. Lubigi wetland is identified as the most affected, with a significant number of buildings within its boundaries, while Namalusu is less impacted due to its susceptibility to flooding.
The number of structures within Kampala’s wetlands has nearly tripled over the past two decades, further straining these fragile ecosystems. Complex land ownership issues, where private land rights intersect with environmental protection, are cited as a major hurdle. Additionally, the sheer pressure of urban growth has led to some areas being formally designated for development, even after being identified as environmentally sensitive.
Political challenges and a perception of prioritizing short-term economic gains over long-term environmental sustainability are also contributing factors. City authorities have indicated plans to demolish some structures encroaching on critical wetland areas to mitigate further environmental damage.
Source: Daily Monitor