Politics 15 April 2026 The Observer (Uganda)
Uganda's Protection of Sovereignty Bill Risks Mass Surveillance of Citizens
Uganda's proposed Protection of Sovereignty Bill aims to curb foreign influence but could require millions of citizens, NGOs, and diaspora members to register and seek Cabinet approval for civic activities. Critics warn it threatens constitutional rights and the vital remittance economy worth 5% of GDP. Source: https://observer.ug/news/new-sovereignty-bill-could-put-millions-under-watch
A draft Protection of Sovereignty Bill, stemming from March 2026 NRM Caucus resolutions, is set to reach Parliament soon. It targets foreign influence in Uganda’s politics and civic space by mandating registration for those linked to foreign entities.
The bill’s broad ‘foreigner’ definition covers non-citizens, Ugandans abroad, international firms, and minister-designated entities. This could ensnare local NGO workers, diaspora remitters, and professionals at global companies as ‘agents of foreigners’ needing approval for policy advocacy, candidate support, or fund management.
Approvals require Cabinet consent, centralizing control. Violations carry harsh penalties: up to Shs 4 billion fines for firms, Shs 2 billion and 20 years jail for individuals.
Government defends it as a shield against opaque foreign funding in NGOs and politics. Yet human rights lawyer Sarah Bireete cautions it could strip protections based on employment or residence. Lawyer Andrew Karamagi calls it draconian, suppressing rights.
Opposition Leader Joel Ssenyonyi highlights risks to $2.5 billion annual diaspora remittances (5% GDP). Former Ethics Minister Miria Matembe questions demanding clearance for Ugandans abroad supporting families.
Bob Kirenga of the National Coalition of Human Rights Defenders fears it spells doom for NGOs, especially amid recent suspensions without hearings. He notes its internal security placement raises overreach concerns.
Supporters and foes agree: this bill could transform civic engagement, international ties, and daily life, with lasting political repercussions.